Stretch Marks
Introduction
Stretch marks are protruding, long, narrow streaks, stripes, or lines that frequently appear on skin that has been stretched or rapidly enlarged. They can affect both males and women, and they are most frequently located on the upper arms, buttocks, thighs, hips, and abdomen. Stretch marks develop when the skin is pulled beyond what is normally comfortable, rupturing the connective tissues beneath the skin. Pregnancy, rapid weight increase or loss, puberty, as well as some medical conditions or medications that impact the skin’s elasticity, can all cause this. Although there are no health risks associated with stretch marks, some people may find them to be an aesthetic issue.
Pathophysiology
Stretch marks, also referred to as striae, develop when the skin is stretched past its natural limits, rupturing the connective fibres beneath the skin. Long, thin streaks, stripes, or lines may appear on the skin’s surface as a result of the dermal tear, which enables the deeper layers of the skin to be visible. Although the precise process causing stretch marks is not fully understood, it is believed to be a result of a mix of genetic and environmental factors. According to one hypothesis, when the skin is stretched, hormones like glucocorticoids are produced, which can weaken the skin’s elastic fibres and make it more prone to tearing.
Signs and Symptoms
Long, thin streaks, stripes, or lines that develop on the skin’s surface are the primary sign of stretch marks. The abdomen, breasts, hips, thighs, buttocks, and upper arms are the areas where these marks are most frequently seen. They can differ in color, texture, and size. Stretch scars can first be seen as pink, red, or purple streaks on the skin. They might turn more silvery or white in look with time, or fade to a lighter shade. They don’t harm people or put their health at danger, though.
How do Dermatologists treat Stretch Marks?
Although no treatment can fully get rid of stretch marks, there are a number of ways to help reduce their appearance. Among the most popular forms of therapy are:Topical creams: Over-the-counter and prescription creams containing retinoids, hyaluronic acid, or other active ingredients may help to improve the appearance of stretch marks.
- Laser therapy: The affected region can be targeted with different lasers, such as pulsed dye lasers or fractional lasers, to encourage the production of collagen and elastin in the skin.
- Microdermabrasion: This minimally invasive process uses a specialised tool to remove the top layer of dead skin cells, which can help to improve the texture and look of the skin.
- Chemical peels: The top layer of skin is removed during a chemical peel by applying a special solution to the epidermis.
- Surgical procedures: In some instances, it may be advised to have a brachioplasty (arm lift) or an abdominoplasty (tummy tuck) to reduce the look of stretch marks and remove extra skin.
